Category Archives: System Administration

Setting up an encrypted volume on an external hard drive on CentOS

Make sure the version of your kernel is 2.6.16 or later with support for device mappers. Please replace XXXXX with the device Linux allocates the driver to (i.e.: /dev/sdc1). Use the dmesg command to find that out. Preparing the volume … Continue reading

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Process forking in PHP on Linux

Command Line with PHP _ Introduced with PHP 4.3 (2002-12-27) _ PHP packed with very useful functions: exec, shell_exec, passthru _ PEAR package Console_CommandLine to easily handle arguments and options _ You can do system administration and release management with … Continue reading

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How to benchmark apache+php

This is to see whether you server is CPU-bound or RAM-bound. We have to stress it and see which one of those components gets saturated first. If that is the RAM, we can add easily more RAM. The amount of … Continue reading

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Rolling Back yum Packages – CentOS Roll Back After Installation

Rolling back yum packages: http://dailypackage.fedorabook.com/index.php?/archives/17-Wednesday-Why-Repackaging-and-Rollbacks.html http://www.vincentverhagen.nl/2007/12/10/how-to-roll-back-packages-on-centos-5-rhel-5/ When you’ve installed/updates packages with yum or rpm, you can quite easily roll back the updates/installations using rpm. For this, yum and rpm need to save roll back information, which they do not do … Continue reading

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LAMP Server Maintenance

Optimize tables overnight Graphs with free memory everyday (with gnuplot and/or Ganglia) clever report of the most frequent Apache errors Cronjob to check Apache and MySQL are up, otherwise start them Cronjob to check the space left Make sure you … Continue reading

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SSH Without Password

Use Public/Private Keys for Authentication Using encrypted keys for authentication offers two main benefits. Firstly, it is convenient as you no longer need to enter a password (unless you encrypt your keys with password protection) if you use public/private keys. … Continue reading

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List Which Ports Are Listening – Open Ports – Open Connections

This is the most reliable method because is actually scans the ports: nmap -sT -O localhost Other methods based on internal checks that give you also the information about the program using the ports: netstat -anp lsof -i

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APC – Installing It On CentOS

yum install php-pear yum install php-devel yum install httpd-devel Edit the file /usr/share/pear/pearcmd.php and add the following at the beginning: @ini_set(‘memory_limit’, ’16M’); otherwise you’ll probably get a fatal error whilst building the extension: pecl install apc Now configure PHP to … Continue reading

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Monitoring Servers

http://www.pingdom.com

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Identify Bottleneck and Optimize Web Applications – Performance Optimization

CPU top -> for diagnosys – must be less than the number of processors profiling -> xDebug Can’t involve just one page (unless you use a very simple one, not xDebug for sure) but the all site. Maybe you don’t … Continue reading

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